Efficient Growth

Socially Responsible Investing for Idiots

Sí, Money! (http://simoney.us)
By Michael Grodsky

If I have to be an idiot, at the least I’m a green idiot. I believe in clean air, corporate responsibility, community activism, licorice, pizza and Thai food. And healthy living, freedom, and of course freedom raisins.

Shiny happy raisins

I love trees, sky, and ah, the OXYGEN! But I’m worried about the dismal state of health care, education funding, the ozone hole, the Medicare donut hole, and your little dog too! Did you know the North Pole is melting? That really scares me. Plus I need to cut down on my Chunky Monkey intake.

In everything I do, in every move I make, it seems that I’m part of the worldwide web of production and consumption. So I pertly place my recyclables in the blue bin, our family uses reusable grocery bags, and I vote. What more can a light-switch thumping, gasoline-pumping 21st century fox do?

C’mon, baby, light my SRI fire…

It was only a couple of years ago a friend remarked to me that real estate was the only investment that made any sense, as if his seat on the Ferris Wheel of investments, propelled by an invincible source, would forever be going up, up, UP! Instead, what happened was “up, up and away.”

The first Ferris wheel, from 1893 World Columbian Exposition in Chicago

The desire for a sure thing is hard to resist. Albert Einstein, succumbing to pressure to support the idea of a static universe, in his 1917 paper added an adjustment number called the “cosmological constant” to his equation for general relativity. In 1931 he publicly renounced this static cosmology and endorsed the Big Bang expanding universe model, ditching the cosmological constant and returning to his original equation. He later called his bowing to peer pressure the greatest blunder of his entire life. You can read about the adventure in author Simon Singh’s “Big Bang – The Origin of the Universe.”

Many philanthropic foundations have long drawn a wall between their socially conscious mission statements that drive grant making, and the investment holdings of their endowment. There is a truism that investing for social benefit results in lower returns. But just as scientific peer consensus eventually embraced the Big Bang theory, so has the thinking of philanthropic foundations changed. The reasons are twofold: A recognition that corporate responsibility and societal concerns are valid parts of investment decisions, (1) and a growing number of academic studies have demonstrated that socially responsible investment (SRI) mutual funds perform competitively with non-SRI funds over time. (2)

For example, according to University of Maastricht and Erasmus University Rotterdam economists in their prize-winning paper, “we find little evidence of significant differences in risk-adjusted returns between ethical and conventional funds for the 1990-2001 period.” (3)

Foundation investment choices seem to be increasingly guided by effect upon society as a whole, not just financial gain, according to a recent Los Angeles Times article. (4) Fresh thinking in the nation’s largest foundations may be driving the impetus ever faster: The .5-billion William and Flora Hewlett Foundation (Menlo Park), the .1-billion John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago), the .8-billion W.K. Kellogg Foundation (Battle Creek, Michigan) all have made recent changes to improve the social effect of their investments. (5)

SRI assets are also growing faster than assets as a whole: according to the non-profit Social Investment Forum’s 2005 biennial report, SRI assets rose more than 258 percent from 9 billion in 1995 to .29 trillion in 2005. Over those ten years, SRI assets grew four percent faster than the entire universe of managed assets in the United States. (6)

Some have already been on the SRI track: the nation’s second largest foundation, the Ford Foundation, along with others such as the F.B. Herron Foundation, the Jessie Smith Noyes Foundation and the Nathan Cumings Foundation, have for a long time aligned their charitable and investment practices.

What is Socially Responsible Investing?
Socially Responsible Investing (SRI) is a broad-based approach to investing that now encompasses an estimated .3 trillion out of trillion in the U.S. investment marketplace today. (7) The release of the United Nations Principles for Responsible Investment–subscribed to by some of the world’s largest institutional investors, asset managers, and related organizations representing over trillion in assets as of mid- 2007–underscores the widespread acceptance of the principle that investors cannot, in the long run, achieve their goals by investing in corporations that externalize their costs onto society. (8)

How do I research SRI funds?
A good place to start is the Social Investment Forum (http://www.socialinvest.org). Look at the resource list at the end of this article too.

How do I start investing?
If you participate in an employer-sponsored retirement plan, there may be SRI funds already available to you. If you manage your own IRA or other plan, look into what’s available. But don’t just go adding a fund without considering the entire makeup of your portfolio.

The key to earning decent long-term returns and limiting overall risk is to have a proper asset allocation, meaning you don’t have all your eggs in one basket. For do-it-yourself-ers, check out the government’s website about asset allocation (http://tinyurl.com/2825hw), or purchase “All About Asset Allocation” by Richard A. Ferri (.57 at Amazon), a great introduction to the topic. Your personal financial advisor or company where you have your investment or retirement accounts can help.

How do I know which funds will produce the highest returns?
You don’t, you can’t, and you won’t, so just forget about it because past performance doesn’t predict future results. The day-to-day ups and downs of the market receive the media attention, but the daily, quarterly, or even yearly returns are largely irrelevant in constructing an individual’s portfolio whose objectives are long-range.  What you want to look for are funds that perform well over the long run within their particular sector, as compared to the appropriate benchmark indices. Various areas of the economy are always moving up and down and sideways, and so far no one has ever been able to know ahead of time what the pattern will be. Asset allocation, I’ll say again, may be the key to long-term success in building a financially secure future. Not panicking helps too!

What makes an SRI fund different?
If a prospective company is a fit according to a fund’s stated objectives, research is performed to determine whether or not it’s a good idea to buy stock at the current offering price. It boils down to the question “Within the guidelines of the stated objectives of the fund, will this purchase help to achieve the highest possible return for the fund’s shareholders?”

The three core socially responsible investing strategies are screening, shareholder advocacy, and community investing. Screening means a fund will include or exclude companies based upon criteria such as alcohol, tobacco, animal testing, and human rights, among others. These screens can be positive (e.g., including companies that treat employees well) or negative (e.g., excluding companies who do business with disturbed musicians).

Keep in mind that, as with all mutual funds, SRI funds have no guarantees of future return.

In any case, you’d better take this lad’s offering of raisins!

If you use electricity, drive a car, and participate in many other activities of daily living, in a very true sense you are already investing in the companies that allow and encourage your consumption. In other words, you are part of the “market” whether or not you actually own stocks or mutual funds. Socially responsible investing can be a way to make your dollars work toward something in which you believe, and support those companies you believe have a vision in line with your own.

Resources and suggested reading

1.    “The Mission in the Marketplace: How Responsible Investing Can Strengthen the Fiduciary Oversight of Foundation Endowments and Enhance Philanthropic Missions.” Social Investment Forum Foundation’s resource guide for foundations to manage risk and leverage their investment assets more fully with their core philanthropic purpose, while creating lasting value. http://tinyurl.com/35t49h
2.    “10 best” list of companies. Corporate Responsibility Officer magazine rates the citizenship disclosures, policies and performance of large-cap, public companies in the following industries: Auto & Vehicles, Paper, Technology Hardware, Technology Software, Transport, and Travel & Lodging industries, Chemical, Energy, Financial, Media and Utilities industries. http://www.thecro.com/node/580
3.    Social Science Research Network. http://www.ssrn.com/
4.    United Nations’ “The Principles for Responsible Investment.” An investor initiative in partnership with UNEP Finance Initiative and the UN Global Compact. http://www.unpri.org/
5.    The Social Investment Forum; national membership association dedicated to advancing the concept, practice, and growth of socially and environmentally responsible investing. http://www.socialinvest.org/
6.    Social Investment Forum’s 2005 biennial report. http://tinyurl.com/258794
7.    Sristudies.org, a resource for quantitative aspects of socially responsible investing. Includes an annotated bibliography of studies of socially responsible investing. A project of the Moskowitz Research Program, which is affiliated with the Center for Responsible Business at the Haas School of Business, University of California, Berkeley.
8.    Socially Responsible Mutual Fund Charts of Financial Performance. http://www.socialinvest.org/resources/mfpc/
9.    SocialFunds.com, an advertising-driven website with information on SRI mutual funds, community investments, corporate research, shareowner actions, and daily social investment news.
10.    “Handbook on Responsible Investment Across Asset Classes.” For asset allocation junkies, individuals and institutional investors the Boston College Center for Corporate Citizenship created this work. http://tinyurl.com/2ffqbu

Footnotes

1. The Maturing of Socially Responsible Investment: A Review of the Developing Link with Corporate Social Responsibility by Russell Sparkes and Christopher J. Cowton. Journal of Business Ethics, Volume 52, Number 1 / June, 2004.
2. SriStudies.org
3. International Evidence on Ethical Mutual Fund Performance and Investment Style, paper by Rob Bauer, Kees Koedijk, Rogér Otten. Limburg Institute of Financial Economics, November 2002. (socialinvest.org/resources/research)
4. Foundations align investments with their charitable goals by Charles Piller, Los Angeles Times, December 29, 2007. Section C, p 1.
5. Ibid.
6. 2005 Report on Socially Responsible Investing Trends in the United States. Social Investment Forum. (www.socialinvest.org)
7. Socially Responsible Investing Facts. Social Investment Forum. www.socialinvest.org
8. PRI Report On Progress 2007. PRI (Principles for Responsible Investment), United Nations. (www.unpri.org)

Image credits

Sun-Maid/George Bush composite image
•    First Sun-Maid packaging to feature a likeness of Lorraine Collett as the “Sun-Maid Girl,” 1916. Designer unknown, incorporates painting by Fanny Scafford. Public domain in the United States.
•    Photograph of Bush speaking. Brazil, November 6, 2005. Agência Brasil, a public Brazilian news agency, produced photograph. Published under the Creative Commons License Attribution 2.5 Brazil.

Fox/Morrison composite image
•    Foxes by Franz Marc, 1913. The Yorck Project: 10.000 Meisterwerke der Malerei. DVD-ROM, 2002. ISBN 3936122202. Distributed by DIRECTMEDIA Publishing GmbH. Public Domain.
•    Jim Morrison portrait, 2007, by Amadeu.taradell. Released by author into public domain.

Ferris Wheel/Superman composite image
•    The first Ferris wheel from the 1893 World Columbian Exposition in Chicago. The New York Times photo archive. Public Domain.
•    Screenshot of 1941 cartoon Superman. Fleischer Studios. This work is in the public domain because it was published in the United States between 1923 and 1963 with a copyright notice, and its copyright was not renewed.

Musician holding Valentine’s Day raisins composite image
•    Photo of musician Jeff Hawley, 2007.  Manager, Marketing Content Pro Audio and Combo Division, Yamaha Corporation of America. Courtesy of Mr. Hawley.
•    Photo, August 3, 2005 by Mazbln. Halberstadt, Klosterkirche St. Burchardi, Ort des John-Cage-Projektes “As slow as possible.” Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation.
•    Original painting of Lorraine Collett by Fanny Scafford, 1915, later used on Sun-Maid raisin packaging. Public domain in the United States.

This column is meant to provide general information, and should not be construed as providing investment, legal, or tax advice. There is no guarantee as to the accuracy or completeness of the information in this article. There are no guarantees of future return for any fund, nor an endorsement of any investment product. Mutual funds are sold by prospectus only. For complete information on mutual funds including sales charges and expenses, call your financial professional for a prospectus. Please read the prospectus carefully before investing. Links are provided herein as a courtesy, and no guarantees are made as to the accuracy of the content on the referenced websites.

Sí, Money! – Vol. 2, No. 1  February 2008 – http://simoney.us

Michael Grodsky (AquariusFinancial.com) is a fee-based financial planner in Los Angeles, California. He serves artists and non-profit organizations, helping them to align their investments with their values. He can be reached at 323-293-6800, michael@aquariusfinancial.com

Registered Representative offering securities and investment advisory services through Independent Financial Group, LLC, a registered broker-dealer

and investment advisor, member FINRA/SIPC. Registered to sell securities in the state of California. Aquarius Financial and IFG are not affiliated. Office of Supervisory Jurisdiction: 4518 Winnetka Avenue, Woodland Hills, CA 91364

I have been searching for ANY silver lining to the current stormy clouds that almost all investors have been weathering.

2010 should be an exciting year for investors who are still saving for retirement (and even those who may have to start saving again!).

The posting below was originally sent to our clients in mid-2007 – well before the current market decline.   If your balance is lower now than it was then, this strategy might make EVEN MORE sense.

Chappell Mayfield and Associates supports being green.  So, here is a recycled idea…………..

Originally sent March 2, 2007

2010: A Roth Odyssey

On May 17, 2006, President Bush signed the Tax Increase Prevention and Reconciliation Act of 2005 (TIPRA).  The law contains many provisions, however, there is one provision that is one of the most exciting things I can remember in my 10 years in this business.

First, let’s review:

Withdrawals from a traditional IRA at retirement are subject to income tax, withdrawals from a Roth IRA at retirement are not subject to income tax (with few limitations – consult your tax advisor).

Under current law, a couple (or single for that matter) must have an adjusted gross income of under 0,000 to convert an IRA (or 401k rollover) to a Roth IRA.

Drum roll please…………:

In 2010 (because of TIPRA), one can convert an IRA, 401k rollover, and virtually any type of retirement plan to a Roth IRA regardless of income.

The rules also allow the taxpayer to spread the tax on the conversion over the next two years (2011 and 2012)!

“OK.  So how will this affect me?”

The main advantage of a Roth IRA is that withdrawals are made, after age 59 ½, totally income tax free.  Also, there is no required minimum distribution after you reach 70 ½, like there is with a traditional IRA.

The decision to convert, or not to convert, will be affected by many issues, such as life expectancy and your tax bracket expectation at retirement.  Needless to say, we will have calculators and other resources to help you make your decision.

“What can I be doing in the meantime?”

It is almost always a good idea to maximize retirement savings. This event makes it even more appealing.

If you aren’t able to contribute to a Roth now, contribute to a traditional IRA….we can convert it in 2010.

If you have an old 401k lying around, don’t automatically roll it into your new 401(k) at work. Consider rolling it over to an IRA and funding it…we can convert it in 2010.

Many 401(k) plans allow you to rollover your balance even while you are working. It may be a good idea to beef up your contributions in anticipation of 2010.

Imagine having a pool of money to draw from in retirement that is 100% income tax free forever!

For some, this may even impact your 2008 taxes.  There is still enough time to make a substantial impact on your 2010 retirement savings – and beyond.

As co-founder of Chappell, Mayfield & Associates, Cass offers expertise in financial planning, wealth accumulation, retirement planning, insurance planning, business continuation planning, and employee benefits.

Cass launched his financial planning career as an agent for Prudential Financial in 1996, and later, a manager in the company’s financial services division. Since then, Cass has earned the CFP®, CLU, and ChFC designations, reflecting his commitment to excellence in investment decision-making and financial planning. He also holds a B.S. in Management from Georgia Tech.

Cass has lived in Atlanta since 1992 and is married to Alison.

Real Estate IRA and Real Estate 401k investments can provide financial security for retirement. The work force no longer provides pensions and retirement accounts. For the average person, those type of options no longer exist as they did in the past. Back in the day, a worker, our grand parents, could work at a good company and be promised that in their old age, they would be given money to help assist them with their golden years. But that, along with many of things in society does not exist for most people anymore.

Today, it’s clear that each person must prepare for their own future through their working life and sadly, that’s just the way it is now and that’s that. Reality is usually a harsh and unsettling proposition in life and this certainly falls into that category. A worker has to learn and prepare for their financial future and the younger they start, the better off they will be prepared for the later years of their life. Options such as Real Estate IRA plans and 401k plans are available to help each of us prepare for that era of our life.

Real Estate IRA and Real Estate 401k plans basically work on a simple premise. A person invest money into a Real Estate project and as that entity grows over time, they make a good dividend. Normally this type of investment can pay about 12-18% profit. These funds are normally set up to show monthly increments along the way. Each month, the profit from your investment automatically gets deposited into your account. These type of investments can have many different growth avenues and as you move through the years, your investment can grow and your profits can ascend higher and higher.

Realistically, it’s important to understand that we are now responsible to take care of ourselves in our future. Once, the government and companies looked over the individual’s future but again, that is a thing of the past. Yes, of course, their are still some jobs out there in government and some areas that offer pensions and such, but for most people, these things simply are not available. An investment vehicle like Real Estate IRA and 401k plans can enhance the quality of life for you in your future and its important to recognize that its your responsibility to take care of your own financial future. One way you can do that is by investing in a Real Estate IRA or Real Estate 401k plan. 

Resource: I did a search on the net and found companies such as http://www.eqlibrium.com who offered Real Estate IRA offerings at http://www.eqlibrium.com/products/real-estate-ira-401k.asp

Jane Jill Jensen writes about topics within the investments industry.

Whichever way you plan to invest, this section will give you some tips and techniques to get you started

Understand why you are investing.

One of the keys to successful investing is identifying your investment goals, and the time frame over which you will invest. What do you want to do with your money?

Do you want to save for a goal? Do you want to invest a certain amount? How long do you want to put that money away for?

Your goals and time frame

When investing money, many people have a specific goal in mind. If this is the case for you, you need to decide what time frame is attached to that goal — short term, medium term or long term?

Short term (1–3 years) deposit on a home overseas holiday new car starting a family Medium term (3–7 years) boat house renovations Long term (7+ years) children’s education deposit on a holiday house retirement

Rather than having a particular investment goal, some people may just want to invest a sum of money, for example, an inheritance. If you are in this situation, you need to decide what you want from that money. Do you want to use the money in the next year or two? (in which case you are a short-term investor).

Or do you want a regular income? Or do you want it to achieve capital growth over the long term?

A short-term investor would be more likely to choose a more conservative investment like cash, to ensure that their capital is available in the next one to three years when they need to access it. A long-term investor would be more willing to invest in growth assets such as shares, as they do not need to access their capital for at least five years, so are usually less concerned about short-term ups and downs. They recognise that the potential returns are higher in growth investments, and if they are held over the long term the risk associated with short-term volatility is reduced.

Don’t forget that superannuation is one of the most tax-effective ways to invest for the long term. If you would like more information on superannuation, contact your financial adviser.

In considering which type of investment is most suitable for your goals, a professional financial adviser can help you with this decision after analysing your investment objectives, particular needs and financial situation.

2. Become an investor instead of a saver.

Many people invest but only some become wealthy. Why? The mistake many people make when investing is that they treat their investment as saving. So what is the difference between saving and investing? Saving is what you do to build up funds for something, like a holiday, and when you have the amount saved, you withdraw your capital from your investment and spend it.

Investing is different. People who want to build wealth invest their money for the long term in growth assets, such as shares and property. Their strategy is to spend the income that the investment produces, but leave the capital invested. They don’t withdraw the capital, so it stays there to grow, which in turn allows more income to be produced.

If you do this it will take you a while longer initially to get to your investment goal, but in the long run you will find that the extra wait has been worth it. As the years go by, you may have an increasing additional income stream from your investments and your standard of living can rise accordingly.

So what’s the secret to becoming wealthier? It’s easy! Start investing, and stay invested.

Other Tips to Remember…

Start early and take advantage of compound interest.

There is always a ‘good’ reason for not investing, but there is actually an even better reason to start investing right away. In fact, starting sooner rather than later is one of the best investment decisions you can make. The reason? So you can take advantage of compand interest. The problem is that compound interest works against those who hesitate. Most of us studied compound interest at school, so we know how it works. But it’s not until you start looking at practical examples that you realise how powerful it can be.

Use market movement to your advantage.

Dollar cost averaging – One way to ride out the market’s ups and downs is a technique called dollar cost averaging, typically used in managed funds. With dollar cost averaging, you don’t have to focus on where share prices or interest rates are headed. You simply invest a set amount of money on a regular basis. Dollar cost averaging is an investment technique that can help turn the odds in your favour. The idea is that you buy less units when the market is up, and more units when it is down — automatically.

Don’t try to time the market.

One of the excuses many use for not investing is that it is not the right time to invest. These people are likely to be under the misconception that they have the magical powers to be able to predict the future. They are under the illusion that the path to riches is a matter of getting on the right horse at the right time.

However, as investors begin to learn the vagaries of markets, they begin to realise the insurmountable difficulty in picking market movements. Trying to pick the magnitude and direction of market movements has cost even the most experienced investor dearly. Don’t chase returns.

Investing in the fund that had the best performance last year may be a big mistake! Most fund managers will offer you a choice of many different types of managed funds, from shares and property to fixed interest and cash, to mixtures of all of them. There are also usually a range of different share funds investing in different parts of the world. Given such a wide choice of investments, and the ability to switch your investments between them for little or no fees, some people make the mistake of chasing returns.

Chasing returns means that you are moving your investments across to the fund that had the best performance last year. Why can this be a mistake?

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Bio:

Andre Zizi is a philosophy graduate and a philosopher, trained in the educational Psychology, with NLP Dip, teaching qualification, writer, mentor, philosophical counsellor, and independent neuroscience researcher. I can be contacted on 07999 579 135 and available to meet for informal chat, and drink in London.

Author – The Spiritual Psychology of the Science of Money-Phology
A Philosophy Graduate & Therapist. Philosopher/Mentor/Teacher